Why does PCO occur?

1) Cell Migration and Proliferation:

-During cataract surgery, the natural lens is removed, but some lens epithelial cells (LECs) may remain on the lens capsule.

-These cells can migrate across the posterior capsule and proliferate, meaning they multiply and increase in number.

2) Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition:

-Some LECs can undergo a transformation called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

-This change allows them to develop into myofibroblasts, which are cells involved in wound healing and scar formation.

-The presence of these myofibroblasts contributes to the clouding of the posterior capsule.

3) Factors Influencing PCO Development:

-Surgical Technique

-IOL Material and Design

-Diabetic patients

-Inflammation

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