Sub-Hyaloid Haemorrhage
Accumulation of blood in the subhyaloid or retrohyaloid space i.e. between the ILM and posterior hyaloid causing a localised detachment of the vitreous from the retina.
The hemorrhage is sharply demarcated because the hyaloid is attached in the region surrounding the hemorrhage.
It begins as a circular shape and later becomes crescentic with a straight upper margin due to the effect of gravity giving it a boat shape.
Source of blood: Retinal blood vessel capillaries.
Severe vision loss if it occurs in the macular area.
Causes:
1. Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
2. Blunt trauma
3. BRVO
4. Anemic/ Leukemic retinopathy
5. PCV
6. Valsalva retinopathy
7. Retinal microaneurysm rupture
8. Terson syndrome
9. Wet ARMD
Complications:
1. ERM formation with VMT
2. Retinal detachment
3. Amblyopia
4. Toxic effects of the long standing hemorrhage due to extended contact with hemoglobin and Iron- photoreceptor toxicity
Management:
Observation.
Nd yag hyaloidotomy.
Pneumatic retinopexy with or without tissue plasminogen activator.
Pars plana vitrectomy.
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Image from Rajan Eye Care Hospital
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