𝘖𝘱𝘵𝘪𝘤 𝘋𝘪𝘴𝘤 𝘏𝘦𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘳𝘩𝘢𝘨𝘦𝘴 ● Splinter or flame-shaped hemorrhages ● Perpendicular to the optic disc margin ● Classically, these hemorrhages are located in the prelaminar optic disc, cross the peripapillary zone, and extend into the adjacent superficial retinal nerve fiber layer ● Disc hemorrhages are a risk factor for progression of glaucoma ● Most common in normal tension glaucoma ● Associated with notching of the neuroretinal rim or retinal nerve fibre layer defects
𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐬: 𝘔𝘦𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘰𝘳𝘺: . ● Disc hemorrhages result from mechanical shearing at the lamina cribrosa or because of damage to the capillary network at the border of retinal nerve fibre layer defect enlargement. ● Primary insult is neurodegenerative, and the hemorrhage is a secondary event resulting from tissue damage. 𝘝𝘢𝘴𝘤𝘶𝘭𝘢𝘳 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘰𝘳𝘺: ● Ischemic microinfarction in the optic nerve head or break down of the blood-retinal barrier. 𝘓𝘰𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯: Disc hemorrhages associated with glaucoma are found mostly in the inferotemporal and superotemporal regions of the optic disc 𝘚𝘺𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘮𝘪𝘤 𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴: ● Hypertension ● Vascular disease ● Migraine ● Diabetes ● Aspirin use ● Smoking ● Exfoliation syndrome etc. 𝘛𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵: A disc hemorrhage does not need to be treated but its presence may signal the need for better control of intraocular pressure in glaucomatous eyes. www.ophthalmobytes.com Image from Rajan Eye Care Hospital #ophthalmology #ophthal #doctor #health #medical #vision #education #optometry #medicalstudent #optometrist #medicine #eye #ophtho #ophthalmologist #ophthalmo #med #medicaleducation #ophthalmologyresident #ophthalmologyresidency #glaucoma#glaucoma #opticdisc#opticdisc #opticdischemorrhage#opticdischemorrhage #disc#disc #retina#retina