Cancer of the eye!

𝘖𝘤𝘶𝘭𝘢𝘳 𝘚𝘶𝘳𝘧𝘢𝘤𝘦 𝘚𝘲𝘶𝘢𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘴 𝘕𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘪𝘢 (𝘖𝘚𝘚𝘕)⁣ ⁣ Describes the entire spectrum of squamous neoplastic disease from dysplasia to carcinoma in situ and invasive SCC⁣

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𝐓𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐬 (𝐋𝐞𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐇𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭):⁣ ⁣ 1) Benign Dysplasia ⁣ Papilloma⁣ Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia⁣ Benign hereditary intraepithelial dyskeratosis⁣ ⁣ 2) Preinvasive OSSN ⁣ Conjunctival/corneal carcinoma in situ⁣ ⁣ 3) Invasive OSSN ⁣ Squamous carcinoma⁣ Mucoepidermoid carcinoma⁣ ⁣ 𝐄𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬:⁣ ⁣ ● Old age⁣ ● Ultraviolet B radiation⁣ ● Males⁣ ● HPV infection⁣ ● HIV⁣ ● Xeroderma pigmentosum⁣ ● Chemical exposure⁣ ● Cigarette smoking⁣ ● Vitamin A deficiency⁣ ⁣ 𝐂𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬:⁣ ⁣ ● Most commonly in the interpalpebral area near the limbus⁣ ● Can extend across limbus to involve cornea⁣ ● Flat/Raised, pearly-gray or pink well-demarcated mass with feeder vessels⁣ ● Fluorescein/lissamine/rose bengal stain used to highlight the lesion⁣ ⁣ 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐓𝐲𝐩𝐞𝐬:⁣ ⁣ 1. 𝘗𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘰𝘪𝘥⁣ -Gelatinous : Commonest, placoid lesion with shiny velvety surface, and tufted vessels⁣ -Papilliform⁣ -Velvety⁣ -Leukoplakic⁣ ⁣ 2. 𝘕𝘰𝘥𝘶𝘭𝘢𝘳: Well circumscribed elevated focal mass with mulberry appearance⁣ ⁣ 3. 𝘋𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘶𝘴𝘦 variant: Shows radial growth pattern without well defined margin and may mimic chronic blepharoconjunctivitis⁣ ⁣ Corneal involvement in OSSN gives a ground glass appearance with well defined borders or a beaten metal appearance on retroillumination⁣ ⁣ 𝐃𝐢𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐬:⁣ ⁣ ● Histopathology⁣ ● Impression Cytology ⁣ ● AS OCT⁣ ● Confocal Microscopy⁣ ⁣ 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭:⁣ ⁣ ● Surgical excision with wide margins and edge cryotherapy⁣ ● Chemotherapy (MMC/5FU)⁣ ● Radiotherapy (Ruthenium-106)⁣ ● Immunotherapy with Interferon alpha 2b⁣ ⁣ www.ophthalmobytes.com⁣ ⁣ Image from Rajan Eye Care Hospital #ophthalmology #ophthal #doctor #health #medical #vision #education #optometry #medicalstudent #optometrist #medicine #eye #ophtho #ophthalmologist #ophthalmo #med#med #medicaleducation#medicaleducation #ophthalmologyresident#ophthalmologyresident #ophthalmologyresidency#ophthalmologyresidency #ossn#ossn #ocularsurfacesquamousneoplasia#ocularsurfacesquamousneoplasia