𝘏𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘌𝘹𝘶𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘴 ● Due to chronic localised retinal edema, develops between junction of normal and edematous retina ● Occurs due to leakage from microaneurysms and surrounding capillaries ● Deep yellow with sharp well defined margins, usually between the temporal arcades
● They are composed of lipoproteins and lipid filled macrophages ● Deposited within the neurosensory retina - outer plexiform and inner nuclear layers ● Accumulation may occur in a circinate pattern - a ring around a group of leaking microaneurysms ● Seen in - Diabetic retinopathy, Hypertensive retinopathy, BRVO, Radiation retinopathy, Telengiectasias, Neuroretinitis, VHL disease ● Hypofluorescent on FFA
Image from Rajan Eye Care Hospital
#ophthalmology #ophthal #retina #diabeticretinopathy #hardexudates #doctor #health #medical #vision #education #optometry #medicalstudent #optometrist #medicine #eye #ophtho #ophthalmologist #ophthalmo #med #medicaleducation #ophthalmologyresident #ophthalmologyresidency